First Map Of The Ocean Floor

Revealed to the world in 1977 this is the first map of the earth s ocean floor. But in the 1950s and 60s when this feat of cartography was being assembled by us cartographers marie tharp and bruce heezen we knew almost nothing. This product is intended to aid fishermen and those needing seafloor features and potential fishing grounds.

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The last complete map was hand drawn in the 1970s.

First map of the ocean floor.

The following features are shown at example depths to scale though each feature has a considerable range at which it may occur. Continental shelf 300 feet continental slope 300 10 000 feet abyssal plain 10 000 feet abyssal hill 3 000 feet up from the abyssal plain seamount 6 000 feet. We ve come a long way in ocean exploration since the days of the hms challenger launched in 1858. This is expensive and time consuming so sonar maps are mostly only made of places where ships spend the most time.

This is the first ever digital map of the earth s seafloor revealing deep ocean basins to be much more complex than previously thought. Typically finely wrought ocean maps have been the result of extensive sonar. Each consist of three sheets a base bathymetric map. Seafloor mapping also called seabed imaging is the measurement of water depth of a given body of water bathymetric measurements are conducted with various methods from sonar and lidar techniques to buoys and satellite altimetry various methods have advantages and disadvantages and the specific method used depends upon the scale of the area under study financial means desired measurement.

Marie tharp july 30 1920 august 23 2006 was an american geologist and oceanographic cartographer who in partnership with bruce heezen created the first scientific map of the atlantic ocean floor tharp s work revealed the detailed topography and multi dimensional geographical landscape of the ocean bottom. The publication of heezen and tharp s physiographic map of the north atlantic in 1957 was the first map of the sea floor that enabled the general public to begin to visualize what the ocean floor really looked like. Her work also revealed the presence of a continuous rift valley along the axis. This graphic shows several ocean floor features on a scale from 0 35 000 feet below sea level.

Today we know more about the topography of the moon and mars than we do about our own planet s sea floor. Topographic maps of the sea floor produced at a 1 100 000 scale that contain loran c rates bottom sediment types and known bottom obstructions. These early maps based on hundreds of thousands of hand picked depths provided the context for the plate tectonics revolution. To complete a map of earth s ocean floor you ve got to take to the high seas by boat.

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